Improvement in fire-engines



UNITED STA-.TES

PA'rEN'r @Erica CLEMENT CLEVELAND, OF NEW YORK, AND YILLIAM CLEVELAND,OF ITHACA, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN FIREe-ENGINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 125,883, dated April:23, 1872.

SPECIFICATION.

To Aall whom it may concern Be it known that I, CLEMENT CLEVELAND, ofthe city of New York, and I, WILLIAM C. CLEVELAND, of Ithaca, inTompkins county, and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulFire-Engine; and we do hereby decla-re the following to be a full andcorrect description of the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawing and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure l is a perspective view of the engine with its hose and atomizingapparatus.

The object of our inventionis the more ready and immediate extinction offire. The method now in general use is that in which the water isdischarged in a continuous stream from. an

open pipe attached directly to the hose. ByA

when the fire ceases. As water requires so large a quantity of heat forits vaporization it is one of the best, as well as being the mostreadily attainable mediums for this purpose. TheV greater the amount ofsurface exposed by a given body of water to the source of heat thegreater will be the amount of vaporization, and, consequently, thegreater will be the reduction of temperature at the source of heat.Steam has little effect in quenching re, as it has already received itsheat of vaporization; but, if water, still in the liquid state, can bepresented to the tire in a very finely-divided condition, as in a densecloud of mist or spray, the amount of surface displayed will be thegreatest possible, the amount of heat received the greatest possible,and thus will be produced the greatest possible reduction oftemperature, quickly extinguishing the fire. Our method is to presentthe water to the re in this finelydivided or atomized condition.

To accomplish this purpose we connect our source of power with a pumpforcing water into a receiver, technically called an air-chamber,7 inwhich the air acts as an elastic cushion, causing a uniform flow ofwater, as in all ordinary fire-engines. In addition and combination withthis we employ another pump for forcing air into a receiver, therecondensing it and developing an elastic force. From the wa ter-receiverthe water is conducted by hose, as in ordinary .reengines The condensedair is conducted in its own proper hose. These lines of hose are unitedto an atomizing apparatus, and by the combined effect of the air andwater a cloud of atomized water is discharged from the outlet.

To enable others to practice onr invention we will now describe it indetail; the letters of reference being those used in the drawing.

A is the frame supporting the working parts and connections. B is themedium of connecting and communicating power. C is the airpump,connecting with the air-receiver D, by the proper pipes and valves. E isthe line of hose for conducting the air to F, the blast-pipe of theatomizing apparatus. Gis the waterpump, connecting bypipes and valveswith H, the water-receiver. I is the line of hose conducting water to K,the water-outlet, which is composed of a, an outer cylinder, b, an innercylinder, open at both ends; and cc, end plates inclosing a Vwater-spacebetween the two cylinders; this water-space communicating directly withthe hose I, and with the hollow of the inner cylinder by means ofnumerous perforations d d, through which the water is forced in finestreams, there meeting the blast of air from the blast-pipe Ii, which isdirected so that the blast shall pass directly through the inner opencylinder b, thus atomizing and giving direction to the iiow.

Having now describedour invention in such a manner that those skilled inthe arts may practice it, what we claim as our invention, and desire tosecure by vLetters Patent, is-

1. A fire-engine, consisting` of air and wan ter forcing pumps C and Gconnecting, by means of tubes, with an atomizin g apparatus,

consisting of a hollow trunk, K, opening into York, this 7th day ofDecember and this 16th a water-jacket, a, surrounding a perforemd dey ofDecember, A. D. 1871.v

tube, b, and the air blast-pipe F directed CLEMENT CLEVELAND, M. D.through theopen tube b, all as described above'. WILLIAM C. CLEVELAND.

2. The etomizingapparatus above described, consisting; of an airblast-pipe, F, directed Witnesses to the signatl1reofG-GLEvELAND:

through the opening of a hollow tube, b, (open SAML. HUGHES, at bothends and perforated by openings cl (1,) HARRY HUGHES, surrounded by awaiter-jacket, a, eommunicat- Witnesses to the signature of W. C. CLEVE-ingz; with the hollow trunk K. LAND:

The above specification of our said inven- A. T. CLEVELAND,

tion, signed and witnessed at Ithaca, and New MYRON G. STOLP.

